Factors Influencing Effectiveness of Strategic Plans in Tanzania Ministries : A multiple Case study of three Ministries.

Jawa, Thadeo Charles (2025) Factors Influencing Effectiveness of Strategic Plans in Tanzania Ministries : A multiple Case study of three Ministries. Masters thesis, The Open University of Tanzania.

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Abstract

This study examined factors influencing the effectiveness of strategic plans in three Tanzanian government ministries: Works, Transport, and Information, Communication and Information Technology. Despite the existence of strategic plans and frameworks such as the National Monitoring and Evaluation Guidelines (2016) and the Budget Act (2014), reports from the Controller and Auditor General (20182023) showed that only about 65% of planned activities were completed within budget, indicating implementation challenges. Using a descriptive cross-sectional design grounded in institutional theory, the study employed a quantitative approach and collected data from 93 respondents selected through proportionate stratified random sampling. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation and regression) in SPSS. Findings revealed that institutional factors—laws, policies, procedures, and organizational culture—significantly influenced strategic plan effectiveness, with 78% of respondents confirming their positive impact. Resource availability was critical, with financial (r = 0.824), technological (r = 0.735), and human resources (r = 0.673) showing strong effects. Political influences had mixed impacts: weak in resource interference (r = 0.332) but strong in bureaucratic efficiency (r = 0.533), legal reforms (r = 0.692), and leadership commitment (r = 0.813). Stakeholder engagement was moderate, strong in feedback (r = 0.794) but limited in participation (r = 0.213–0.311). The study concludes that institutional frameworks, adequate resources, and political commitment enhance strategic plan effectiveness and recommends stronger participation, timely resource allocation, and supportive leadership. Keywords: Strategic Plan Effectiveness, Institutional Factors, Stakeholder Engagement, Resources, Political Influence.

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