Implication of Community Perceptions on Early Identification of Children with Developmental Disabilities in Tanzania: A Case of Singida Municipal District.

Venutha, Avith (2025) Implication of Community Perceptions on Early Identification of Children with Developmental Disabilities in Tanzania: A Case of Singida Municipal District. Masters thesis, The Open University of Tanzania.

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Abstract

This study examines the implications of community perceptions on early identification of children with developmental disabilities in Tanzania, with a focus on Singida Municipal District. The objectives were to explore the experiences of professionals involved in early identification, examine the impact of early identification on family support systems, and understand parental perceptions of socioeconomic status in relation to early identification. Using the Social-Ecological Theory as a framework, the research adopted an interpretivist philosophy and a qualitative design, with purposive sampling of 27 participants, including social welfare officers, nurse officers, and parents. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs), and thematically analyzed. Findings revealed that early identification improves access to social support and specialized services, yet is hindered by community stigma, limited resources, and inadequate training for professionals. Socioeconomic status was also found to significantly impact access, with lower-income families facing greater challenges due to financial constraints and limited awareness. The study concludes that addressing socio-cultural barriers, enhancing professional training, and increasing funding are essential for effective early identification. Recommendations include community awareness campaigns, strengthened partnerships with NGOs, and targeted capacity-building programs. These insights aim to guide policymakers and social workers in fostering a more inclusive environment for children with developmental disabilities in Tanzania. Keywords: Early Identification, Developmental Disabilities, Community Perceptions, Socioeconomic Status, Social Support, Singida Municipal District, Tanzania

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