Mallya, Elizabeth Baltazary
(2017)
Role of Tourism Sector on the Livelihoods of Local Communities in Ngorongoro Conservation Area.
Masters thesis, The Open University of Tanzania.
Abstract
Tourism plays an important role to the economy of the country; it increases gross domestic products, income per capita, providing employment to the local people and has multiple effects to the economy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of tourism sector on the livelihoods of local communities in Ngorongoro Conservation Area, in Tanzania. The study design adopted in this study was cross-sectional research design. The sample size was 100 local people, 4 local community leaders, 10 hotel staff and 3 tourism officials. Simple randomly and purposive sampling methods were used in identifying sample. Data collection instruments were questionnaires, interview, and observation. The data collected were analyzed using SPSS version 16.0 and presented in descriptive statistics. The findings revealed that tourism sector contributed in development of tourism infrastructure, support social projects, market of hand-made crafts, increase income per capita and helps to get basic needs. Also findings discover that challenges facing local people to participate in tourism activities include lack of government support, value of wildlife, low professionalism, cultural fee which used as entrance fee in Maasai bomas is not stable, shortage of land and lack of capital. This study recommends that, governments, NGOs and other tourism stake holders should provide education and training to local communities in order to empower them with knowledge of tourism activities. Government should review tourism polices and other policies contributing to tourism in order to ensure local communities participate in tourism activities. Government should also support local communities by providing funds, which could support tourism activities. The relationship between NCA and local people should be improved in order to ensure participation of local communities in tourism activities to improve their livelihood.
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