Impact of Monitoring and Evaluation System on Sustainability of Water and Sanitation Projects in Tanzania.

Nkwama, Christian Chriford (2025) Impact of Monitoring and Evaluation System on Sustainability of Water and Sanitation Projects in Tanzania. Masters thesis, The Open University of Tanzania.

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Abstract

The study assesses the impact of Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) systems on the sustainability of water and sanitation projects, with a specific focus on the Mbeya Water Supply and Sanitation Authority (Mbeya WSSA) in Tanzania. The key objectives were; To evaluate the role of key M&E components in promoting the sustainability of water and sanitation projects in Mbeya., investigate the influence of regular M&E cycles on operational functionality and maintenance, and identify the economic, health, environmental, and social benefits derived from sustainable water and sanitation projects. The study employed a case study design, targeting 105 operational staff involved in M&E activities at Mbeya WSSA. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including Pearson correlation analysis. The findings reveal that effective M&E practices, particularly those emphasizing stakeholder engagement, capacity building and performance monitoring, significantly enhance the sustainability of water and sanitation projects. The adoption of a result-oriented approach was also shown to positively impact project outcomes, although challenges such as budget overruns and delays were identified. The study highlighted the extensive socio-economic and health benefits of sustainable water projects, including improved health outcomes, economic growth, and social equity. The study concludes that robust M&E systems are vital for the sustainability of water and sanitation projects in Mbeya. It recommends strengthening M&E frameworks, adopting a result-oriented approach, ensuring continuous M&E activities, and enhancing stakeholder engagement. Keywords: Monitoring and Evaluation, Sustainability, Project, Water and Sanitation Projects.

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