Impact of Anthropogenic Activities on Wildlife Conservation at Ikorongo Grumeti Game Reserves in Mara Region Tanzania.

Mollel, Frida Fanuel (2024) Impact of Anthropogenic Activities on Wildlife Conservation at Ikorongo Grumeti Game Reserves in Mara Region Tanzania. Masters thesis, The Open University of Tanzania.

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Abstract

Beside all the efforts undertaken by the government and other parties, conservation of wildlife still seems considerably hampered by anthropogenic activities undertaken by communities living adjacent to conservation areas, particularly in Ikorongo Grumeti game reserves. This study assessed the impact of anthropogenic activities on wildlife conservations in Ikorongo Grumeti Game Reserve in Mara Region. Specifically, the study to identify the existing anthropogenic activities affected wildlife conservation, examine the anthropogenic activities improving the livelihood of communities and determined the measures to address anthropogenic activities for the sustainable conservation of Ikorongo Grumeti Game Reserves. The study employed case study design where a total of 196 respondents consisting of the community at large: environmental activists, wildlife officers and game reserves, government officials were executed in five villages. In-depth interview, questionnaires and Focus Group discussion were applied to gather information. Data from secondary sources were obtained by consulting relevant documents both published and unpublished. The study found out that, there are depressing impacts to both wildlife and humans due to expansions of human activities contrary to wildlife stability as revealed in this study. There were different kinds of impacts indirectly and directly on wildlife induced by human settlements such as wildlife over-exploitation, loss of wildlife habitat, conflicts arising due to competing land uses with wildlife, pollution, and physical developments on migratory corridor of wildlife. The study concluded that human activities are considerably affecting wildlife conservations. Majority of respondents argued that there is increased shortage of grazing areas for wildlife due to increase in livestock grazing in wildlife natural habitats. The study recommends for enhancing conservation education awareness campaign amongst communities, since most of wildlife challenges emanate from humans, hence there should be proper plans for land use in villages surrounding the reserve.

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