The Effects of Declined Clove Production and Alternative Livelihood Strategies for Clove Farmers in Zanzibar: A Case of Mgelema and Chonga Shehia.

Khamis, Ali Ramadhan (2024) The Effects of Declined Clove Production and Alternative Livelihood Strategies for Clove Farmers in Zanzibar: A Case of Mgelema and Chonga Shehia. Masters thesis, The Open University of Tanzania.

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Abstract

The study intended to examine the effects of declining clove production and alternative livelihood strategies for clove farmers in Zanzibar. Descriptive research had been adopted. A sample of 92 respondents was employed. A simple random technique was used to select 85 respondents. Purposive sampling was employed to select key informant respondents (officials from ZSTC and the Ministry of Agriculture, irrigation, natural resources, and livestock). A self-administered questionnaire composed of closed and open-ended questions was used to collect data from 92 respondents. The quantitative data had been analysed using descriptive statistics using SPSS software, whereas the qualitative data collected for this study was analysed using content analysis to develop categories based on identified commonalities. The findings show that the decline in clove production has led to socio-economic effects on communities whose livelihoods depend on clove production, such as household economic insecurity and rural youth outmigration. The findings revealed that clove farmers adapt various alternative livelihood strategies to cope with socio-economic damages associated with declining clove production, such as engagement in non-farming activities and diversification of other cash and food crops. The study recommended that clove farmers should be supported with utilities. They should be provided with professional training on the alternative livelihood options they have adapted. Also, they should be mobilised to utilise simple technology and encouraged to formulate farmer’s groups and networks that could help them search for better markets and pull up resources and benefits rather than compete with each other. Keyword: Clove, Clove Tree, Livelihood, Production

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