Contribution of Digital Videos in Improving Basic Skills of Lower Primary Pupils in Dodoma City, Tanzania.

Kilungeja, Ambwene Nazarius (2025) Contribution of Digital Videos in Improving Basic Skills of Lower Primary Pupils in Dodoma City, Tanzania. Doctoral thesis, The Open University of Tanzania.

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Abstract

This study examined the contribution of digital videos in improving basic skills (reading, writing, and arithmetic skills) of lower primary pupils in Dodoma City, Tanzania. A mixed-methods approach was adopted, employing a sequential explanatory design, with quantitative data collection preceding qualitative analysis. Data was gathered through questionnaires from 60 standards one and two teachers selected via stratified sampling. Additionally, 160 public primary school pupils were chosen through convenience sampling based on their access to instructional videos. A standardized test assessed the pupils‘ progress. As the study was interventional, pupils were divided into control and experimental groups based on their lower performance in reading, writing, and arithmetic, with 80 pupils in each group. Guided by the Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning, data analysis employed correlation, linear regression, univariate, and multivariate general linear models. Results showed a statistically significant relationship between video-based digital media and improved skills in reading (basic sounds, word pronunciation), writing (spelling), and arithmetic (number identification, addition, subtraction). Pupils exposed to videos achieved higher test scores than those who did not, underscoring its positive impact. The study recommends that policymakers, curriculum developers, teachers, and stakeholders integrate digital videos into primary education to enhance reading, writing, and arithmetic skills among lower primary pupils in Tanzania. Keywords: Digital videos, Basic skills, Lower primary, Improvement.

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