Investigation of the Determinants of the Domestic Violence against Domestic Workers in Buhigwe, Kigoma Region.

Miyonga, Mhadham Adam (2025) Investigation of the Determinants of the Domestic Violence against Domestic Workers in Buhigwe, Kigoma Region. Masters thesis, The Open University of Tanzania.

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Abstract

Domestic violence against domestic workers remains a critical social issue in Tanzania, particularly in rural-urban transitioning districts like Buhigwe, Kigoma. This study investigates the key determinants of domestic violence against domestic workers, focusing on socio-economic, cultural, and institutional factors shaping their vulnerability. Using a qualitative research approach and a case study design, data were collected through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with domestic workers, employers, and institutional stakeholders. The study adopts the Social Ecological Model to analyze the interplay of individual, relational, community, and societal factors influencing domestic violence. Findings indicate that rapid urbanization and shifting household structures have increased the demand for domestic workers. Economic hardship forces many young women into domestic labor, often without contracts or formal safeguards, making them susceptible to abuse. Additionally, the study reveals weaknesses in community-based reporting mechanisms, as domestic workers often fear retaliation and lack confidence in institutional responses. The study recommends policy reforms to strengthen labor protections, enhance enforcement mechanisms, and promote awareness campaigns to challenge harmful cultural attitudes. By addressing these structural challenges, the study contributes to ongoing efforts to create a safer and more equitable working environment for domestic workers in Tanzania. Keywords: Urbanization, Domestic Violence, Domestic Workers, Power Dynamics, Employer and community-based reporting mechanisms.

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