Role of East Africa Non Tariff Barriers on Cash Crops Trade in East Africa: A Case from Tanzanian Rice Export to Kenya.

Mhando, Herieth (2025) Role of East Africa Non Tariff Barriers on Cash Crops Trade in East Africa: A Case from Tanzanian Rice Export to Kenya. Masters thesis, The Open University of Tanzania.

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Abstract

This study examined the impact of East Africa's non-tariff barriers (NTBs) on rice trade performance in Tanzania, with a focus on the role of NTBs, technical barriers, and the challenges hindering their effective implementation in the East African Community (EAC) region. Using a descriptive research design and a quantitative approach, data were collected through questionnaires from a sample of 175 respondents drawn from a population of 312. The analysis, conducted using SPSS version 25.0, revealed that key NTBs affecting rice trade include administrative and customs processes, transportation, and documentation challenges related to clearing and forwarding agricultural products. The study further identified Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) such as inconsistent customs regulations, varied use of common tariffs, non-uniform standards and conformance procedures, and plant health inspections. Major challenges in implementing NTBs reduction strategies include delays at weighbridges, bans on locally produced goods, excessive export inspection agencies, corruption, multiple police roadblocks, and language differences. The study concludes with a recommendation that the EAC Secretariat should enhance its systems for reducing NTBs and promote a more competitive and seamless trading environment among member states. Keywords: Non-Tariff Barriers (NTBs), Cash Crops, Trade, Rice Export, Cross Border Trade

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