Kilungu,, Halima and Ngaruko,, Deus
(2019)
Nature-Based Tourism in Tanzania Since its Onset: A Lesson For Conservation and Teaching Aid.
International Conference on the Future of Tourism (ICFT).
ISSN ISSN - 2507-7872
Abstract
Since the 19th century, national parks as the main Tanzanian nature-based tourism destinations have passed through different waves of environmental and societal change. Nevertheless, studies that profile this development to inform policy decisions and society are inadequate. This paper discusses the developments of the Tanzanian nature-based tourism and its destinations since the 1600s. The paper shows that the majority of tourism destinations started as open areas where trophy or hunting tourism was not restricted; then upgraded to either game reserves (trophy hunting restricted by license) or forest reserve (for forest products), and finally to national parks. These changes were driven by fear for species extinction due to environmental-change impacts and unsustainable wildlife hunting. The emerging increase in environmental awareness among the government, park managers and tourists also played a major role. This paper concludes that although the Tanzanian nature-based tourism destinations had changed substantially in the past, the possibility to cope with the current environmental-change impacts is more challenging for tourism management. The paper, therefore, provides pertinent information that can assist to better manage the Tanzanian nature-based tourism sector and, in turn, to cope with the current impacts of changing environment.
Keywords: Conservation, national park, Tanzania, tourism
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