The Role of Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) on Adaptations to Climate Change to Small Holder Farmers in Kilema Ward in Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania.

Shirima, David John (2019) The Role of Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) on Adaptations to Climate Change to Small Holder Farmers in Kilema Ward in Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania. Masters thesis, The Open University of Tanzania.

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Abstract

The study examined the role of IndigenousKnowledge Systems on adaptations to climate change. Oncopingstrategiesby small farmers and their perceptions in Kilema ward in Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania.A sample of 58 people was involved out of 100 registered farmers. Purposive and simple random sampling was employed in identifying the samples. Data was collected using questionnaires, interviews, observation and documentary literature review. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20 and content analysis. The results showed having knowledgeabout (85%) of weather related information, coping strategies/adaptations (29%) and entirely dependent on farming for their livelihoods.About 95% drought incidence was increasing (Table 4.4) with 74% causes of changes. About 95% temperature was increasing, 98% rainfall was decreasing, 64% (Table 4.5)deforestation was increasing; 21% do use CSA,10%doaforestations; 9% make terraces,35% dotrenches digging, 26% do mulching and2% harvest rain water, 6% do irrigation with 4% plant drought resistance crops. About69% rear domestic animals and chickens, 38% do businesses and 4% do motorcycles transportations.About 29% do agro-forestry,21% do soil management, 29% do improved water management, 50% do crops management, 60% do livestock management, 71% do croprotations, and 45% do better weather forecasting.Indicators of climate change are fresh water scarcity 57%; Low harvests 11% and disappearance of some plant species 89% (Table 4.4). This recommendsimpartingknowledge to the farmers on CSA technologies. It recommendstraining farmers do Aforestation and doinggood farming practices. It recommendsraising awareness on rain water harvest. It is recommendedto secure loansfrom banks and SACCOS.

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