Assessment of water quality at river Karanga in Moshi Municipality, Kilimanjaro region, Tanzania.

Abdallahman, Abdallahman Halid (2023) Assessment of water quality at river Karanga in Moshi Municipality, Kilimanjaro region, Tanzania. Masters thesis, The Open University of Tanzania.

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Abstract

This study appraised the effects of the effluents from industrial, domestic on water quality in Karanga River. Specific objectives were to examine the variations of physical–chemical-biological parameters in water from Karanga River and identify the health problems of the people living near the river. The study employed both quantitative and qualitative methods. It involved purposive water sampling from two selected points along Karanga River stations, one from its point source and the other to the consumer level at Shirimatunda ward for comparisons. Water samples from Karanga River were collected and analyzed in the MU W SA laboratory. Standard water and wastewater analysis methods were used for Turbidity, Temperature, TDS and EC, Color, PH, DO and TSS and Total Coliforms. The results of parameters such as Color (81.88 ± 2.59 TCUs) & Total Coliforms 712.5 CFU/100 ml collected from Karanga River in both February and April were above the TBS (2016) that are (1-50 TCUs, 500 CFU/100 ml) and WHO (2016) which are (10 TCUs, 500 CFU/100 ml) permissible limits indicate that pollution stems from domestic and industrial effluents. While other parameters like turbidity, temperature, TDS, TSS, pH and DO collected from Karanga river in both February and April were within TBS, WHO (2016) and FAO (2008) permissible standards and have no restrictions on use. It is recommended to treat the wastewater before discharge into Karanga River. The use of constructed wetlands as a natural treatment method is crucial in addressing the problem of water quality pollution. The approach needs to plant the reed plants with vegetation with defined filter material and the direction of wastewater flow. Keywords: Water quality, physical-chemical-biological parameters, Effluents, River Karanga-Mosh Municipality-Kilimanjaro, Polluted river Water treatment.

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